Glossitis – What are the signs and symptoms, relevant dDx., sequelae, work up, and treatment options?

Glossitis in an inflammation of the tongue associated with nutritional deficiency (B12, niacin, iron), allergies, and irritants.

Sn. & Sx.:

• Enlarged, scalloped tongue
• Smooth appearance to the tongue due to pernicious anemia (Vitamin B22 Deficiency)
• Changes in tongue color (usually dark “beefy” red)
• Sore and tender tongue
• Difficulty with chewing
• Dysphagia
• Dysarthria

dDx.:

• Syphilis
• Pernicious anaemia
• Erythema multiforme
• Pemphigus vulgaris
• Oral lichen planus
• Plummer-Vinson syndrome
• Nutritional deficiencies

Sequelae:

• Airway obstruction

Work up:

• Clinical exam

Tx.:

• Nutritional supplements
• Antibiotics

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This post was written by Omar Rifai