Glyburide – What are the indications and contraindications?
November 25, 2020 3:08 amGlyburide is a sulphonylurea insulin secretagogue.
MOA:
- Closes ATP-sensitive K+ channels, preventing K+ efflux and depolarizing pancreatic beta cells causing an influx of Ca2+ and releasing insulin. Increases insulin sensitivity at peripheral targets. Decreases liver glucose output.
Indications:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity
- Sulfonylureas allergy
- Type I diabetes mellitus
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Diabetic pre-coma or coma
- Hepatic disease
- Renal failure
- G6PD deficiency
- Stress-related states such as infection or trauma or surgery
Adverse Effects:
- Hypoglycemia (must be taken with meals)
- Photosensitivity
- Weight gain
Interactions:
- May enhance toxic effects of alcohol
- Anti-inflammatory drugs, salicylates, and sulfonamides increase risk of hypoglycemia
- Effects reduced by diuretics, steroids, thyroid, and phenytoin
From a pharmacognosy perspective, Allium cepa/sativum, Panax spp., Theobroma cacao, Linum usitatissimum, Momordica charantia and Gymnema sylvestre are hypoglycemic agents useful in diabetes treatment.
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This post was written by Omar Rifai