Glyburide – What are the indications and contraindications?

November 25, 2020 3:08 am Published by

Glyburide is a sulphonylurea insulin secretagogue.

MOA:

  • Closes ATP-sensitive K+ channels, preventing K+ efflux and depolarizing pancreatic beta cells causing an influx of Ca2+ and releasing insulin. Increases insulin sensitivity at peripheral targets. Decreases liver glucose output.

Indications:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Contraindications:

  • Hypersensitivity
  • Sulfonylureas allergy
  • Type I diabetes mellitus
  • Diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Diabetic pre-coma or coma
  • Hepatic disease
  • Renal failure
  • G6PD deficiency
  • Stress-related states such as infection or trauma or surgery

Adverse Effects:

  • Hypoglycemia (must be taken with meals)
  • Photosensitivity
  • Weight gain

Interactions:

  • May enhance toxic effects of alcohol
  • Anti-inflammatory drugs, salicylates, and sulfonamides increase risk of hypoglycemia
  • Effects reduced by diuretics, steroids, thyroid, and phenytoin

From a pharmacognosy perspective, Allium cepa/sativum, Panax spp., Theobroma cacao, Linum usitatissimum, Momordica charantia and Gymnema sylvestre are hypoglycemic agents useful in diabetes treatment.

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This post was written by Omar Rifai